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Box-shaped Pressure Vessel for LNG Developed by KAIST Research Team Earlier today, Korean researchers successfully showcased the installation and operation of a box-shaped, high-pressure tank for the storage of liquefied natural gas in Pohang, Republic of Korea. The development was the first of its kind in the world. Pressure vessels have many applications and are widely used within the petrochemical, energy, and other industrial sectors where the transport and storage of many types of pressurized gases and fluids are essential. Pressure vessels must be designed, manufactured, installed, and operated strictly in accordance with the appropriate codes and standards since they can, in cases of leak or rupture, pose considerable health and safety hazards. Pressure vessels are normally designed in the form of a cylindrical or spherical tank. These shapes are, in principle, highly efficient in withstanding internal pressure, but rather inefficient in terms of space utilization. The tanks fit very poorly within a typically prismatic-shaped room. They cannot be packed closely together, so they do not efficiently utilize the overall space. Moreover, cylindrical or spherical tanks are not easily scalable to very large sizes because the wall thickness of the tank must increase proportionally to its overall radius. Therefore, a large pressure vessel unavoidably will have very thick walls, which are difficult and expensive to manufacture, requiring a great amount of thick-walled steel to be rolled, forged, and welded together. KAIST researchers, sponsored by POSCO, a multinational steel-making company based in Pohang, Republic of Korea, have taken a turnabout approach to construct a pressure vessel that is neither cylindrical nor spherical. Professors Pål G. Bergan and Daejun Chang and of Ocean Systems Engineering at KAIST developed a box-type, large size pressure vessel for the storage and transportation of liquids such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compressed natural gas (CNG), or liquefied natural gas (LNG). The box-shaped pressure vessel has an internal, load-carrying lattice-type structure. The lattice pattern is modular in all three spatial directions, thereby effectively anchoring and balancing pressure forces on the external walls of the vessel. The modular lattice can easily be adapted to prescribed pressure levels as the overall volumetric dimensions are directly linked to the number of repetitive modules. A giant prismatic pressure vessel with a size of 20,000 m3 and a design pressure of 10 atmospheres (10 barg) can be built simply by scaling up a smaller size pressure vessel. It is interesting to note that the thickness of steel walls remains unchanged and that the weight of steel per unit storage volume goes down as the vessel size increases. Professor Chang explained the benefit of a prismatic or box-shaped pressure vessel.“If we use cylindrical pressure vessels to supply LNG fuel for a large container ship, for example, many fuel tanks will be needed. Those tanks will take up large and valuable space onboard because the cylinders have to be lined up. In our case, however, much less space is needed. The operation of a ship becomes simpler with one fuel tank rather than with many. Furthermore, our box-type pressure vessel can be designed with dimensions that precisely fit a ship. For a container ship, there may be room for a substantially higher number of containers to be loaded than when using cylindrical vessels. In a case study on a 13,000 TEU container ship, the value of the increased transport capacity tuned out USD 8.4 million for one year of operation for one ship.”The manufacturing cost of a pressure vessel has been reduced as well. Several types of special steel for cryogenic (low temperature) applications have been investigated in design and analysis studies, and this includes a new type of high-manganese steel that is being developed by POSCO. Regardless of materials, in any instance of large pressure vessels, the new lattice tank technology can offer significant savings of combined capital and operational costs. Professor Bergan was also upbeat regarding the impact of the KAIST technology innovation. “Our box-type pressure vessel represents ground-breaking research. This innovative technology will dramatically change the rules of the game for industry concerning production, transportation, and storage of fluids under high pressure and at low temperatures.”The showcased prismatic pressure vessel was a scale-down model with a volume size of 80 m3 and design pressure of 10 atmospheres. The vessel complies with the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC), the international standard for the appropriateness of design, fabrication, and inspection of boilers and pressure vessels. It passed the 15 pressure testing in January 2014 and received an accreditation from the ASME BPVC (ASME U2 Stamp). KAIST’s prismatic pressure vessel will be presented and displayed at Gastech 2014, the largest global conference and exhibition in the natural gas, LNG, and hydrocarbons industry. This event will take place on March 24-27 at KINTEX in Ilsan, Republic of Korea. Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=woJwc5zisxk&list=TLGOLcI7L6_YYTn0lImPqNyeppQWRXqUt5Picture 1: The prototype of a prismatic pressure vesselPicture 2: A lattice pattern that is lined inside a prismatic pressure tankPicture 3: Above is a container ship having a box-shaped pressure vessel as a fuel tank, and below are traditional cylindrical fuel tanks.
2014.03.25 View 15845
Tae-Wan Kim, a doctoral candidate, receives the best paper award from ECTC The 2014 Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC) will take place on May 27-30 in Florida, USA. Tae-Wan Kim, a Ph.D. candidate at the Department of Materials Science Engineering (MSE), KAIST, will receive the Intel Best Student Paper Award at the conference.ECTC is the premier international conference that brings together the best researchers and engineers in packaging, components and microelectronic systems science, technology and education in an environment of cooperation and technical exchange. The conference is sponsored by the Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology (CPMT) Society of IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering).The paper describes research on novel nanofiber anisotropic conductive films for ultra fine pitch electronic package application, which was written under the guidance of Professor Kyung-Wook Paik of the MSE Department. In the past ten years, two of his students have received the best paper award from ECTC.
2014.03.14 View 14394
Visit by Sir Paul Maxime Nurse, President of the Royal Society Sir Paul Maxime Nurse, who is an English geneticist and cell biologist, visited KAIST and gave a lecture entitled The Great Ideas of Biology on March 11, 2014. Sir Paul was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Leland H. Hartwell and R. Timothy Hunt for their discoveries of protein molecules that control the division of cells in the cell cycle. He was Professor of Microbiology at the University of Oxford, CEO of the Imperial Cancer Research Fund and Cancer Research UK, and President of Rockefeller University in New York. Sir Paul is currently the President of the Royal Society as well as Director and Chief Executive of the Francis Crick Institute. Founded in London in 1660, the Royal Society is composed of the world’s most distinguished scientists drawn from all areas of science, engineering, and medicine. Below is a summary of his lecture, The Great Ideas of Biology: Four major ideas of biology are the theory of genes, evolution by natural selection, the proposal that the cell is the fundamental unit of all life, and the chemical composition of a cell. When considering the question “what is life?” these ideas come together. The special way cells reproduce provides the conditions by which natural selection takes place, allowing living organisms to evolve. The organization of chemistry within the cell provides explanations for life’s phenomena. In addition, an emerging idea is the nature of biological self-organization with which living cells and organisms process information and acquire specific forms. These great ideas have influenced one another and changed the way we perceive biology and science today.
2014.03.11 View 12848
Book Announcement: Sound Visualization and Manipulation The movie Gravity won seven Oscar awards this year, one of which was for its outstanding 3D sound mixing, immersing viewers in the full experience of the troubled space expedition. 3D audio effects are generated by manipulating the sound produced by speakers, speaker-arrays, or headphones to place a virtual sound source at a desired location in 3D space such as behind, above, or below the listener's head. Two professors from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KAIST have recently published a book that explains two important technologies related to 3D sound effects: sound visualization and manipulation. Professor Yang-Hann Kim, an eminent scholar in sound engineering, and Professor Jung-Woo Choi collaborated to write Sound Visualization and Manipulation (Wily 2013), which uniquely addresses the two most important problems in the field in a unified way. The book introduces general concepts and theories and describes a number of techniques in sound visualization and manipulation, offering an interrelated approach to two very different topics: sound field visualization techniques based on microphone arrays and controlled sound field generation techniques using loudspeaker arrays. The authors also display a solid understanding of the associated physical and mathematical concepts applied to solve the visualization and manipulation problems and provide extensive examples demonstrating the benefits and drawbacks of various applications, including beamforming and acoustic holography technology. The book will be an excellent reference for graduate students, researchers, and professionals in acoustic engineering, as well as in audio and noise control system development. For detailed descriptions of the book: http://as.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1118368479.html
2014.03.10 View 16694
The 4th Meeting of Korea and Denmark Alliance for Green Growth President Steve Kang attended the “Fourth Meeting of Korea and Denmark Alliance for Green Growth” which took place on March 6, 2014 at the Shilla Hotel in Seoul. President Kang was a keynote speaker at the meeting and gave a lecture on sustainable energy. KAIST and the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on the “Cooperation for Innovation and Entrepreneurship” at the meeting. In the MOU, KAIST and DTU agreed to post the information on their websites regarding the patents acquired through the implementation of joint research programs. In addition, KAIST students will attend conferences and idea competitions organized by DTU, e.g., the Green Challenges. DTU students will participate in KAIST’s conferences and competitions including “Startup KAIST Global Idea Competition.”
2014.03.07 View 9527
KAIST Holds Open Lecture For Daejeon Residents Free of cost for any Korean citizen, the registration for the new course opens on the official website from 5th March KAIST’s Department of Humanities and Social Science is currently operating free humanities and liberal arts classes for Daejeon residents. The theme of the course for this semester is “World and Politics,” which will begin on 13th March and run every Thursday for 6 weeks at KAIST’s International Seminar Room. This course has been organized to introduce the general public to the current political situation with neighboring countries such as China, Japan and North Korea, as well as the characteristics of multinational companies. Top experts in the related fields will give lectures. First, Professor Ha-Yong Jung from Kyunghee University will talk on “American liberalism and democracy”; Professor Gyeong-Mo An from Korea National Defense University on “Kim Jeong-Eun and the Future of North Korea--Is the Collapse of North Korea A Reality?” and Ja-Seon Koo, a visiting professor at Korea National Diplomatic Academy on “The Chinese Communist Party during the Xi Jinping Period.” “With the era of globalization, the political situations in the neighboring countries have both direct and indirect effects on our lives,” said Professor Hyeon-Seok Park who has organized the courses. "These classes will be an opportunity for our citizens to understand and learn about the current affairs in the world.” Anyone can attend the course, and registration is from March 5th to 9th at the official webpage of KAIST’s Humanities and Social Sciences Department (http://hss.kaist.ac.kr). All the courses are free of charge. Contact: Department of Humanities and Social Science Research (Tel. 350-4687, E-mail: baobab@kaist.ac.kr)
2014.03.06 View 7768
Spillover Phenomenon Identified Using Model Catalyst System Researchers at KAIST have identified spillover phenomenon, which has remained controversial since its discovery in the early 1960s. KAIST Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering’s Professor Min-Gi Choi and his team has explained the "spillover phenomenon," using their own model catalyst system where platinum is selectively located within the amorphous aluminosilicate. The research results were published on the 25th February online edition of Nature Communications. Spillover refers to a phenomenon that occurs when hydrogen atoms that have been activated on the surface of metals, such as platinum, move to the surface of the catalyst. It was predicted that this phenomenon can be used to design a catalyst with high activity and stability, and thus has been actively studied over the last 50 years. However, many cases of the known catalysts involved competing reactions on the exposed metal surface, which made it impossible to directly identify the presence and formation mechanism of spillover. The catalysts developed by the researchers at KAIST used platinum nanoparticles covered with aluminosilicate. This only allowed the hydrogen molecules to pass through and has effectively blocked the competing reactions, enabling the research team to study the spillover phenomenon. Through various catalyst structure and reactivity analysis, as well as computer modeling, the team has discovered that Brönsted acid sites present on the aluminosilicate plays a crucial role in spillover phenomenon. In addition, the spillover-based hydrogenation catalyst proposed by the research team showed very high hydrogenation and dehydrogenation activity. The ability of the catalyst to significantly inhibit unwanted hydrogenolysis reaction during the petrochemical processes also suggested a large industrial potential. Professor Min-Gi Choi said, “This particular catalyst, which can trigger the reaction only by spillover phenomenon, can be properly designed to exceed the capacity of the conventional metal catalysts. The future goal is to make a catalyst with much higher activity and selectivity.” The research was conducted through funds subsidized by SK Innovation and Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning. The senior research fellow of SK Innovation Seung-Hun Oh said, “SK Innovation will continue to develop a new commercial catalyst based on the technology from this research.” Juh-Wan Lim and Hye-Yeong Shin led the research as joint first authors under supervision of Professor Min-Gi Choi and computer modeling works were conducted by KAIST EEWS (environment, energy, water, and sustainability) graduate school’s Professor Hyeong-Jun Kim.
2014.03.03 View 12197
Festival Featuring Asia's Best Science Students to be Held The first Electronic Olympics, which will host students from five top Asian research-centered universities, will be held in August at KAIST. Students will take part in competitive events and explore cultural diversity. Student representatives of HKUST, NTU, TITECH, Tsinghua University, and KAIST gathered on February 20 to begin planning the tentatively named “ASPIRE E-Olympics.” The key words of this Olympics are "Harmony" and "Competition." The events will be composed of an AI programming contest, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) picture contest, and the other technology-based contests. Cultural events, where each university’s students can interact, will also be prepared. ASPIRE (Asian Science and Technology Pioneering Institutes of Research and Education) events have been held from 2009. Previously, the ASPIRE forum has been an exchange event for groups of vice presidents and graduate school students from the five schools to exchange achievements in education and research. This year, it has been extended to undergraduates. Yoseop Kim, KAIST’s student body vice president, said that he wants to make a MOU with some of Asia’s best research-centered universities and develop it into something similar to the Davos Forum. His intention is to support the E-Olympics in the hope that ASPIRE will become a top university consortium. From left, HKUST, KAIST, NTU, TITECH, Tsinghua University Logos Student representative group photo of Top Asian Research-Centered Universities Electronic Olympics for students from five top Asian science and engineering universities to be held in August
2014.02.27 View 10158
KAIST held its 2014 Commencement Ceremony The KAIST Commencement Ceremony for 2014 was held on Friday, 21st February, at Sports Complex, KAIST. On this day, a total of 2,619 students received their degrees. This included 499 doctorates, 1,220 masters, and 900 students with bachelor’s degrees. Since its establishment in 1971, KAIST has produced 9,881 Ph.D., 25,161 MA and 13,693 BA, which amounts to 48,735 scientific and engineering personnel. The former Minister for Science and Technology of the Republic of Korea, Dr. KunMo Chung, received an honorary doctorate for his effort in establishing the Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIS) to foster talented scientists and engineers, thus contributing to the significant growth of Korea that has led it to stand as a scientifically advanced nation today. The student graduating with summa cum laude was Jang-Geun Kim from the Department of Biological Sciences. Mr. Kim received the Minister of Science, ICT and Future Planning Award. Mr. Kim said, “I am honored to receive the award from the minister. I hope a lot of talented students will go onto science and engineering field, so that Korea can earn a place among the technologically elite countries.” Jang-Geun Kim will continue his study of genomic medicine at KAIST graduate school. President Steve Kang spoke to the graduates: “The whole nation has given their wholehearted support to KAIST so that students can study in a good environment. Please have great aspirations and hopes, and continue to broaden your knowledge and solve the challenges that humanity is facing today, so our country and the world can advance.”
2014.02.27 View 10544
Professor Yong-Tak Im of Mechanical Engineering Appointed as President of Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Yong-Tak Im, Professor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KAIST, was sworn in on February 25, 2014 as the 16th president of the Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), a leading government-funded research institution in Korea. KIMM was established in 1976 to contribute to the development of Korea through the invention of source technology and technology transfer in mechanical engineering. President Im graduated from Seoul National University, obtaining degrees of Bachelor of Science and Master’s in mechanical engineering. He later studied at the University of California in Berkeley and received a doctoral degree in mechanical engineering. After working as an assistant professor of the Industrial and Systems Engineering at the Ohio State University, President Im joined KAIST as a professor of mechanical engineering in 1989. President Im took many important posts at KAIST, including Dean of Planning Office, Dean of External Affairs and Public Relations Office, and Associate Vice President of Special Projects and Institutional Relations, making a great addition to the university’s endeavors for globalization. Among the awards President Im received was the William Johnson Award in 2007 presented by the Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, the Research Achievement Award in 2010 by the Global Congress on Manufacturing and Management, and the Presidential Award in 2012 by the Republic of Korea. He was also elected as the vice president of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers, the largest association of professionals in the mechanical engineering field in Korea. President Im is currently a professor at POSCO, an internationally known Korean steel company, and a member of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology and the National Academy of Engineering of Korea, respectively. President Im will serve KIMM for three years until February 24, 2017.
2014.02.25 View 13629
Former Minister of Science and Technology, Dr. KunMo Chung, Awarded KAIST Honorary Doctorate KAIST will confer an honorary doctorate on former minister of Science and Technology, Dr. KunMo Chung, at the 2014 KAIST graduation ceremony on Friday, February, 21.Dr. Chung presented the Survey Report for the Establishment of the Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIS) to the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in 1969. This proposal for nurturing the advanced science technology elite and boost Korean industrial development became the foundation for KAIS, which is now known as KAIST.After passing the KAIS Foundation Law in 1970, Dr. Chung designed the faculty room, secured faculty members, and acquired a $6 million education loan from the USAID. Dr. Chung devoted himself to research and teaching. His first appointment was the position of assistant professor at the University of South Florida, followed by research professor positions at the Princeton Nuclear Fusion Research Center and MIT Nuclear Engineering, and an associate professor position in the Department of Electrophysics at the Polytechnic Institute of New York.When KAIS was founded on Feb. 16, 1971, 31-year-old Dr. KunMo Chung became the provost and a professor in the Electronic and Electrical Science Department where he made outstanding contributions to the development of science and technology in Korea.
2014.02.21 View 12428
Venture Startup by Middle School Students Makes Donation to KAIST Korean middle school students who participated in a venture program made donations to KAIST. “Mending”, a startup founded by Korean middle school students, donated 10 million won and the education supplier “Edubox” contributed 100 million won to the IP Education Center for Young Venture Candidates at KAIST. The donations were made at the IP Education Center’s 3rd graduation ceremony on February 14th at KAIST. Mending was started by three students in the IP Education Center in 2013. This startup features volunteering through talent sharing and other educational endeavors. It received voluntary donations from supporters of the programs. Hee-Yon Yon, the co-president of Mending, said, “We have developed a new concept of business and showed profit can be made through donations and sharing”. Edubox responded to the visions of Mending and added to the donation for additional development of the IP Education Center. The KAIST IP Education Center for Young Venture Candidates was founded with the support of KIPO (Korean Intellectual Property Office) and KIPA (Korea Invention Promotion Association) in 2009. The curriculum consists of Intellectual Property, Entrepreneurship, Future Technology and Humanities. Eighty students are selected for the program every year and 200 students have successfully completed the program.
2014.02.18 View 8679